Tuesday, 24 November 2009

The Difference Between Irradiation and Contamination


It’s important to distinguish between ’irradiation’ and ’contamination’.

Contamination involves radioactive material, like dust, moving from one place to another. If radioactive dust settles on your skin then we say your skin has been ’contaminated’. The radioactive nuclei in the dust give off radiation (like alpha or beta particles) all the time. When these hit your skin we say the skin has been ’irradiated’.

Alpha, beta and even gamma radiation have only a limited range in air, perhaps up to a few tens of metres. But radioactive dust can be blown for hundreds or even thousands of miles.

This animation explains the difference between contamination and irradiation.

43 comments:

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  14. Replies
    1. Darth Plagueis was a male Dark Lord of the Sith[2] who, at some point, chose Sheev Palpatine, a human from Naboo, as his apprentice. As master and disciple, Plagueis and Palpatine—who took the Sith moniker Darth Sidious—worked together, trying to unlock the secrets of immortality[4] and to execute their order's long-percolating plan of supplanting the Galactic Republic with a new Sith Empire.[5]

      According to Sidious, Plagueis was powerful enough that he could use the Force to influence the midi-chlorians to create life and keep the ones he cared about from dying, a precious knowledge that awarded him the epithet of "The Wise."[3] Plagueis, however, also developed a belief that the Force could "strike back" at him for his power.[4] In truth, he became so powerful that the only thing he still dreaded was losing his power. Ultimately, Plagueis' only fear was bound to come true. At some point Sidious had learned everything he needed from his master.[2] Moreover, he had acquired his own pupil in the Nightsister Mother Talzin's son, Darth Maul,[3] a young Dathomirian Zabrak whom Sidious had kidnapped from Talzin when he was only a child.[6] As the Rule of Two mandated that only two Sith—a master and an apprentice—could exist at any given time, one of them had to die.[7] Now that he had no further use for a teacher, Sidious disposed of Plagueis, killing him in his sleep.[2] With the death of Plagueis, Sidious not only gained the status of Master, but also acquired 11-4D, the late Sith Lord's multi-limbed protocol droid assistant. Later, after taking Darth Vader as his apprentice, he reformed the Republic into the Galactic Empire and declared himself Emperor. In the years that followed his rise to Emperor, Sidious came to genuinely, if posthumously, appreciate Plagueis for the planner and prophet he had been. Sometimes, he mused about how his late master would have reacted when confronted with the trivial, day-to-day matters of Imperial politics.[4]

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  18. An Internet meme (/miːm/ MEEM[1]) [2] is an activity, concept, catchphrase or piece of media which spreads, often as mimicry or for humorous purposes, from person to person via the Internet.[3] An Internet meme may also take the form of an image (typically an image macro), hyperlink, video, website, or hashtag. It may be just a word or phrase, sometimes including an intentional misspelling. These small movements tend to spread from person to person via social networks, blogs, direct email, or news sources. They may relate to various existing Internet cultures or subcultures, often created or spread on various websites, or by Usenet boards and other such early-internet communications facilities. Fads and sensations tend to grow rapidly on the Internet, because the instant communication facilitates word-of-mouth transmission. Some examples include posting a photo of people lying down in public places (called "planking") and uploading a short video of people dancing to the Harlem Shake.

    The word meme was coined by Richard Dawkins in his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, as an attempt to explain the way cultural information spreads;[4] Internet memes are a subset of this general meme concept specific to the culture and environment of the Internet. The concept of the Internet meme was first proposed by Mike Godwin in the June 1993 issue of Wired. In 2013 Dawkins characterized an Internet meme as being a meme deliberately altered by human creativity—distinguished from biological genes and Dawkins' pre-Internet concept of a meme which involved mutation by random change and spreading through accurate replication as in Darwinian selection.[5] Dawkins explained that Internet memes are thus a "hijacking of the original idea", the very idea of a meme having mutated and evolved in this new direction.[6] Further, Internet memes carry an additional property that ordinary memes do not—Internet memes leave a footprint in the media through which they propagate (for example, social networks) that renders them traceable and analyzable.[7]

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  19. The one gym test that everyone hates. The overweight gym teacher slides in the CD, and you hear the dreaded words;

    The FitnessGram™ Pacer Test is a multistage aerobic capacity test that progressively gets more difficult as it continues. The 20 meter pacer test will begin in 30 seconds. Line up at the start. The running speed starts slowly, but gets faster each minute after you hear this signal. beep A single lap should be completed each time you hear this sound. ding Remember to run in a straight line, and run as long as possible. The second time you fail to complete a lap before the sound, your test is over. The test will begin on the word start. On your mark, get ready, start.
    You feel like it's easy at first.
    But you are so wrong.
    You run until you feel like you are going to die right there in the middle of the track, the same gym teacher yelling at you to keep going. But you just can't do it. You make it back to your partner and collapse, breathing heavily.
    "Dude, you only did like 20 laps."
    With the little strength you have left, you glare up at your partner, telling them to stfu

    "Oh, hey, we're having the fitnessgram pacer test!"
    *has war flashbacks*

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  20. This article does not describe/ explain the difference between the two at all...\

    "If radioactive dust settles on your skin then we say your skin has been ’contaminated’."
    "The radioactive nuclei in the dust give off radiation. When these hit your skin we say the skin has been ’irradiated’."

    This did nothing but further fog up my understanding and previous speculations. Try stating a CLEAR and EASY-TO-UNDERSTAND difference.

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  21. Irradiation is the key of all quantum triangulation's thus emitting beta particles in a circular direction. This article does not thoroughly explain the concepts of this highly intelligent method of reasoning. Your puny brains are obviously nothing compared to the great and diverse mind of myself. Bow down before my bodacious power and worship me like a God.

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    Replies
    1. I challenge thee to a battle of tremendous proportions in which I shall effortlessly glide towards thee and slay thou that stands before me with heroic mite and aptitude.

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    2. Unfortunately for you; a foolish mortal in comparison to myself, I am a regular viewer of 'Rick And Morty'. I clearly possess a far higher IQ than the handful of neurones you call a brain can even comprehend.

      Delete
  22. wtf are these comments

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  23. I love theses comments

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  25. this isn't very clear :(

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  26. i wanna be tracer

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  27. This was so useful i did my homework in 20 mins now i can play fortnite

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  28. i think i got irradiated by looking at your face

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